Pope Benedict XI was an Italian man who reigned as pope from 1303 to 1305 and was the 194th Pope to reign. His papacy began less than two weeks after the death of Pope Boniface VIII. This article looks at his time with the Order of Preachers and his time as pope.
Early Life
Born in 1240, Pope Benedict XI was the son of a man named Boccasini and received the name Nicola upon his birth. He lived with his parents and younger sister in S. Bartolommeo. His mother, Bernarda, worked as a laundress and inherited a large sum of money from a friar. The monk’s will promised Nicola even more if he became a monk. He would use some of that money to study under his uncle and after he joined the Order of Preachers.
Later Roles
Nicola later studied in Venice and other parts of Italy before and after becoming a monk. Named the Provincial Prior of Lombardy in 1286, he was responsible for overseeing several convents and making sure they followed the rules and standards of the Church.
He became the Master of the Order of Preachers in 1296 and issued a decree that officially stated Boniface VIII was the pope. This decree also prohibited others from claiming other men were the pope. Nicola also served as a Cardinal Priest.
Papal Election
The papal election of 1303 lasted for just one day. Those who voted in the election overwhelmingly voted for Nicola because they believed that he would not fight King Philip IV. The first action he took as pope was to welcome the King back to the Church and end the excommunication done by the last pope.
Papacy
As pope, Benedict XI helped King Philip reach a compromise with King Edward I of England. He was pope for only 259 days when he died unexpectedly while in Umbria. Some claimed that a man named Nogaret poisoned the pope. No evidence from the time or later proves this theory. Clement V was elected the next pope and chose to spend his papacy outside of Rome.
List of events in the life of Pope Benedict XI
Date | Age | Event | Title |
---|---|---|---|
1240 | Born | ||
12 May 1296 | 56.3 | Appointed | Master General of Order of Friars Preachers |
4 Dec 1298 | 58.9 | Appointed | Cardinal-Priest of Santa Sabina |
4 Dec 1298 | 58.9 | Elevated to Cardinal | |
2 Mar 1300 | 60.1 | Appointed | Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia (e Velletri) |
22 Oct 1303 | 63.8 | Elected | Pope (Roma, Italy) |
27 Oct 1303 | 63.8 | Installed | Pope (Roma, Italy) |
7 Jul 1304 | 64.5 | Died | Pope (Roma, Italy) |
24 Apr 1736 | Beatified |
Quick Facts About Pope Benedict XI
- He was born in 1240 in the town of Treviso, Italy.
- His parents gave him the name Nicola. His full name was Nicola Boccasini.
- The pope died on July 7, 1304.
- He likely died of natural causes, though the Church does not list a specific cause of death. Some rumors claim he was poisoned.
- His papacy began on October 22, 1303.
- The papacy of Benedict XI ended when he died in 1303.
- Clement V succeeded him as pope but did not take the position until June of the following year.
Interesting Facts About Pope Benedict XI
- Some of the documents that the pope left behind when he died shared his thoughts on the Gospel of Matthew and some of the Psalms.
- Pope Benedict XI is sometimes called Pope Benedict XII because Pope Benedict X is no longer an official pope. The Church recognizes him as an antipope.
- He was one of the only popes in history to serve as a Dominican friar/monk before becoming the pope. The money his mother received helped him afford the studying needed to become a monk at the time.
- Pope Benedict XI is also one of the only popes unanimously elected in history. Not one member of the election voted against him or for another man.
- A common story told about Pope Benedict XI states that he stopped a mass held around Easter in 1304 to hear a confession from a pilgrim visiting the church. Historians believe that the story was simply a legend and not based in reality.
List of Other Popes Named Benedict
There has has been 15 Popes that have taken the name Benedict in the history of the papacy. Below are links to all of them. Also check out all of the other Popes the begin with the letter B.