Pope Eugene IV was the 207th pope and reigned for more than 15 years. He was elected just days after the death of Pope Martin V and faced opposition from an antipope known as Felix V. This article looks at that opposition and other issues he faced as pope.
Early Life
Born around 383, Eugene IV used the name, Gabriele. His family were wealthy merchants and used their money to properly educate him at local churches. He became the Bishop of Siena in 1407 and the Cardinal-Priest of San Clemente in 1408. After moving to the Basilica of Santa Maria in Trastevere, he became the Cardinal-Priest there. Pope Martin V assigned him the position.
Papal Election
Before becoming pope, Gabriele signed an agreement in which cardinals would receive 50% of all Church revenue. This agreement led to the cardinals quickly appointing him pope less than two weeks after Pope Martin V passed away. One of the first acts he performed was an attack on some of the relatives of the last pope. To end the attacks, they quickly gave him some of their land and money.
Papacy
Pope Eugene IV quickly set about changing and ending some of the actions taking by his predecessor. He issued a bull that ended the Council of Basel, which led to the Holy Roman Emperor intervening. The pope held a council in 1483 in which he excommunicated several of the clergymen who participated in that early council.
In opposition to Eugene IV, the Duke of Savoy appointed Felix V the antipope. Though many failed to recognize him, Felix V held this position for more than nine years and nearly two years after the pope passed away.
Death and Later Years
Several men called on the pope to intervene in a brewing situation between the Kingdom of Castille and Portugal, both of which thought they had the right to the Canary Islands. Eugene IV issued several decrees that some modern historians believe was a way to stop the enslavement of the native people.
The pope was against heresy and believed in helping the poor, which he did despite the Church’s lack of revenue at the time. Pope Eugene IV passed away in 1447 and was buried in a tomb named after him in the Old St. Peter’s Basilica. This tomb was later moved.
Events In The Life of Pope Eugene IV ( Gabriele Condulmer )
Date | Age | Event | Title |
---|---|---|---|
1383 | Born | ||
30 Dec 1407 | 24.9 | Appointed | Bishop of Siena, Italy |
1408 | 25.0 | Ordained Bishop | Bishop of Siena, Italy |
9 May 1408 | 25.3 | Elevated to Cardinal | |
9 May 1408 | 25.3 | Resigned | Bishop of Siena, Italy |
9 May 1408 | 25.3 | Appointed | Cardinal-Priest of San Clemente |
1426 | 43.0 | Appointed | Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria in Trastevere |
3 Mar 1431 | 48.1 | Elected | Pope (Roma, Italy) |
11 Mar 1431 | 48.1 | Installed | Pope (Roma, Italy) |
23 Feb 1447 | 64.1 | Died | Pope (Roma, Italy) |
Quick Facts About Pope Eugene IV
- He was born in 1383 in Venice, which was then part of the Republic of Venice.
- Records show his official birth name as Gabriele Condulmer.
- Eugene IV died on February 23, 1447, in Rome.
- He was around the age of 63 or 64 when he died and buried in St. Peter’s Basilica. The Church later moved his tomb to a church in Lauro.
- His papacy began on March 3, 1431.
- The papacy of Pope Eugene IV ended with his death in 1447.
- Nicholas V succeeded Eugene IV as the 208th pope.
Interesting Facts About Pope Eugene IV
- Eugene IV was the nephew of Pope Gregory XII on his mother’s side. Gregory XII appointed Eugene to his first position within the Church.
- David Bamber portrayed the pope as a character on the television series “Medici: Masters of Florence,” which aired in 2016.
- The final resting place of Pope Eugene IV is on the Tiber River in San Salvatore Lauro. His tomb was moved there sometime after the 12th century.
- During his time as pope, he helped restore the University of Rome, which provided training to priests and other clergymen.
- Pope Eugene IV is one of the longest-reigning of all popes with a tenure that lasted for 15 years and 357 days.
See the full list of Popes throughout history here.