While he only held the position for a short period of time, Pope Urban VII has gone down in history as one of the most pious and generous men to hold the position. His election was highly praised due to his penchant for charity, his educational background, and years of professional service to the Church.
Background and Education
The seventh Pope Urban was born as Giovanni Battista Castagna on August 4, 1521. He hails from Rome and was born to a noble family. His father was a Genoese nobleman while his mother was the sister of a cardinal. His affluent upbringing led to a string of educational opportunities as an adult.
Giovanni studies in several universities across Italy. His studies were focused on civil law and canon law. He earned his doctorate degree in both fields from the University of Bologna. Shortly after that, he held numerous high-profile jobs with the Church and beyond.
The future pope went on to audit his uncle during papal legal missions in France and serve as a lawyer in the Roman Curia.
History with the Church
On the first of March in 1553, Giovanni was selected to become the new Archbishop of Rossano. Within that same month, he got all of the orders he needed to get officially ordained as a priest. A few years later in 1555, Giovanni was chosen by Pope Julius III to govern Fano. Pope Paul IV sent him to govern Perugia and Umbria for a short period as well.
About a decade later, Giovanni went on serve as papal nuncio in Spain. He held this position for seven years. Then, he became nuncio to Venice, served Gregory XIII as legate to Cologne, and was made Consultor of the Holy Office and the Ecclesiastical State. Giovanni Castagna was a skillful man that spent most of his life serving the Church.
Eventually, he was officially deemed a cardinal priest by Pope Gregory XIII. This lead to him becoming the Inquisitor-General of the Holy Office in 1586. Throughout the history of the Church, Giovanni Castagna was, perhaps, one of the most accomplished candidates to be considered.
When Pope Sixtus V died in 1590, Castagna was elected as the new pope by 54 cardinals. On September 15 of that year, he officially chose the pontification name of Urban VII.
Papacy
Pope Urban VII quickly started to serve the people after his election. Thanks to his decades of work in various positions, he possessed the administrative ability to make sweeping changes across Rome. One of his biggest accomplishments was to make a list of poor citizens in Rome. He intended to use this list to see how he could improve their lives.
Within the first few days of his tenure, he restricted spending for members of his court and subsidized bakers. He ordered the bakers to make loaves of bread and sell them under the production cost. To ensure that the bakers were not losing money, he subsidized those costs with his own personal wealth.
Overall, Urban VII was viewed as one of the most generous and honest popes in history. He was against nepotism, subsidized public projects to improve the lives of Romans, and even implemented a tobacco ban to keep the air clean.
Unfortunately, Pope Urban VII didn’t lead the Church for long. He died of illness before he could even be coronated.
List of Events In The Life of Pope Urban VII (Giovanni Battista Castagna)
| Date | Age | Event | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4 Aug 1521 | Born | ||
| 1 Mar 1553 | 31.5 | Appointed | Archbishop of Rossano, Italy |
| 30 Mar 1553 | 31.6 | Ordained Deacon | Deacon |
| 30 Mar 1553 | 31.6 | Ordained Priest | Priest |
| 4 Apr 1553 | 31.6 | Ordained Bishop | Archbishop of Rossano, Italy |
| Nov 1565 | 44.2 | Appointed | Apostolic Nuncio to Spain |
| 3 Jul 1572 | 50.9 | Resigned | Apostolic Nuncio to Spain |
| 23 Jan 1573 | 51.4 | Resigned | Archbishop of Rossano, Italy |
| 15 Jun 1573 | 51.8 | Appointed | Apostolic Nuncio to Venice, Italy |
| 1 Jul 1577 | 55.9 | Resigned | Apostolic Nuncio to Venice, Italy |
| 12 Dec 1583 | 62.3 | Elevated to Cardinal | |
| 9 Jan 1584 | 62.4 | Installed | Cardinal-Priest of San Marcello |
| 15 Sep 1590 | 69.1 | Elected | Pope (Roma, Italy) |
| 27 Sep 1590 | 69.1 | Died | Pope (Roma, Italy) |
Quick Facts About Pope Urban VII
- Pope Urban VII was born on August 4, 1521, in Rome.
- His birth name was Giovanni Battista Castagna.
- Urban VII died on September 27, 1590, at the age of 69 years old.
- The cause of Pope Urban VII’s death was Malaria. He fell ill from the parasitic infection and passed away shortly before midnight.
- Pope Urban VII’s papacy started on September 15, 1590.
- It ended with his death on September 27, 1590. He only served 12 days as the leader of the Catholic Church.
- He was successes by Pope Gregory XIV.
Fascinating Facts About Pope Urban VII
- His 12-day reign is the shortest in the history of the papacy.
- His tobacco ban, which prevented smoking, chewing, and snorting tobacco in public spaces, came with the penalty of ex-communication. It’s regarded as the first-ever public tobacco ban.
- His body was buried in the Vatican after his death. However, it was later moved to the Church of Santa Maria Sopra Minerva a few years later.
- Pope Urban VII left behind a significant amount of wealth. After his death, his money was used to support poor young girls.
- As he was ill with Malaria, he requested to be moved to an area where the air was more wholesome. However, the Church has strict rules about the new pope being seen before the coronation, so he stayed in the Vatican until his death.
You can view our list of all the Popes in history here.